Summer Solstice

My brother was born on June 20. In some years that is the summer solstice. Other years, like this one, 2019, the solstice comes a day later, on June 21. My brother used to say, maybe he still does, that he was so special that when he was born, the sun did not want to go down. So it waited until the final possible minute before setting. Incidentally, the solstice was June 21 that year. He explained that when the sun came up the day after his birthday, it realized what an opportunity it had missed and made up for it.

The solstice, caused by the tilt of the earth always fascinated me. But the fascination came from a different motivation. I was curious about two things. First, how did the earth tilt back and forth? Second, how did anyone figure out that it was tilted? The first question occurred to me in about third grade, I believe.

The teacher had explained about the seasons being caused by the tilt of the earth. I asked how the earth tilted back and forth, and how did it know how and when to stop and tilt back the other way. I was concerned that if it didn’t “work right” the earth would just turn upside down.

“It just does,” was the answer. I knew that she didn’t have a clue, nor did she care. Not a lot of scientific curiosity there. I kept looking for an answer. (For the younger readers, there was no internet on which anyone could just type in a question and get a dozen answers some of which might actually be accurate!) I do not remember if I saw a model of the solar system or was just playing with a globe. Some show the earth standing straight up. This one showed it tilted at the 23.5 degree angle and as it was moved “around the sun,” I noticed that the tilt did not change, but as it circled the sun, the axis alternately pointed toward then away from the sun.

Voila! Now it made sense. I had also worried that the shock of tilting one direction, stopping, then tilting back might make the earth break up sometime. My fears were assuaged.

The second question was not so easily resolved. And, in fact, I did resort to an internet search. (A full explanation is found at this address. http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/physics/148-people-in-astronomy/history-of-astronomy/general-questions/995-who-and-when-discovered-that-the-earth-s-axis-is-on-a-23-degree-tilt-intermediate)

Long story short, a vertical pole casts a shadow and the shadow “moves” throughout the year. Of course, the shadow “moves” throughout the day as the earth moves under the sun. But the angle the pole shadow makes at the same time each day changes throughout the year. A Chinese guy noticed that about 1100 BC. (I guess he had nothing else to do than measure the angle of shadows.) Since the shadow is not the same the year around, he surmised that the earth was tilted.

Note: We examined the fallacy of a flat earth a while back but did not include this additional “complication” in our consideration. If the earth were flat, the “plate or disk” would indeed have to literally tilt up and down every six months to account for the different shadow angle cast by a pole. But I digress.

Back to a consideration of solstices. My dad used to tell me that in the winter, “the cold begins to strengthen when the days begin to lengthen.” The coldest part of the winter is in January and February. You would think that the coldest days would be during the times of least sunshine. Maybe that will be the topic of a future post.

Quite often, the hottest times of the summer are in July and August, again after the duration of sunshine begins to decrease. I am sure that there is a good explanation. But one other consideration comes to mind.

The Earth's axis is tilted 23.5o degrees away from the plane of the ecliptic. It's because of this tilt that the Earth experiences seasons as it orbits around the Sun. If this tilt were more pronounced, as is Uranus, which at 98 degrees, is nearly lying on it side, the seasons would be extremely different. Part of the year it would be too cold and then, six months later, it would be too hot for life to exist. Or consider Jupiter, at 3 degrees, and Mercury, a minuscule 0.1 degrees, where the seasons would be virtually constant year round. Earth, 23.5, Mars, 25, Saturn, 27, and Neptune, 30, all have distinct seasons.

Notice that I left Venus for last. It is tilted 13 degrees to the left. All the others tilt right. This is determined by the way they rotate. If you stand on the north pole with arms extended, your right hand would circle toward the left, or west to east. But on Venus, the rotation is the opposite. Astronomers explain this by postulating that Venus turned “upside down” and is actually tilting at a 177 degree angle. And this brings us back to creation.

The supposition by evolutionists is that the solar system formed from a random dust cloud that accreted into eight or nine distinct balls that orbited the sun. For now, we will ignore the problem of celestial mechanics in producing such an intricate and exquisite formulation. But if all the planets formed the same way, they should all be spinning the same direction. That is called conservation of angular momentum. Love that kind of talk. (The same is true for the moons orbiting each planet, by the way.) And they all should be pointing straight up or perpendicular to the ecliptic. That is the plane of the solar system. Another question is why did all of the planets line up in such a flat configuration? But we will defer that as well.

Now back to our upright planets. To explain the precession or tilt of the planets, evolutionists propose a collision of the planets with some “random body” hurtling through space which “knocked the planet” out of kilter. And, Venus must have been almost knocked completely over, upside down. (Or maybe my third grade musing was accurate, and it did turn upside down.) Another unanswered question is the remarkable coincidence of random collisions with each of the planets. And why did such catastrophic collisions did not disintegrate the planet? But I digress.

Or, maybe a Creator made it that way to give our ancient Chinese observer something to amuse himself. And, incidentally, to give the earth the perfect tilt to produce varying weather patterns without being so severe that life would be threatened. Spontaneous, random generation of the solar system, not to mention the almost infinitely more complex problem of the universe, is not only difficult to comprehend and explain, but it also challenges credibility. Moses, when writing the book of Genesis explained it in 10 words. (Genesis 1:1) (English. Not sure how many in Hebrew, six, I think.)
In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.

He expanded on that in v. 14, 15.
“Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night, and let them be for signs and for seasons and for days and years; 15 and let them be for lights in the expanse of the heavens to give light on the earth”
As for the rest of the universe, check verse 16.
He made the stars also.

For anyone who protests that it is too hard to believe that a God could do that, I recommend that he or she answer the previously posited questions. And, while you are at it, go ahead and explain why some of the planets are terrestrial or rocky, and others are simply gas balls. I will let you find out which is which.

One last consideration. Why is the earth exactly 23.5 degrees “off” from the perfect, or upright position? Consider the answer from “Universe Today.” After repeating the “bunches of rocks stuck together to make a planet,” it states:
All the same, the Earth’s tilt is very important. It is perfectly positioned so that it gives us the seasons and on top of that the seasons are near(ly) perfectly calibrated for life. When compared with other planets Earth’s tilt allows for seasons that are not too extreme in temperature but are pretty well balanced. At the same (time,) if it had stay(ed) in the “perfect” position one side of the Earth would be too hot at times and then too cold.

I like the wording, “perfectly calibrated for life.” Does that sound like a random, spontaneous generation of the universe? I would suggest that is not compatible with what is actually seen. It seems rational to consider the proposition that, “In the beginning, God....”

Thank you, brother, for being born on such a momentous day. We are reminded every year that not only are we creations, but we are loved creations. (John 3:16) This is a little bit of editorial license, but “In the beginning, God loved.”

Have a great summer.